Sensorposisi adalah sensor atau pengindera yang digunakan untuk mendeteksi perubahan gerakan obyek dan mengubahnya menjadi bentuk sinyal listrik. Sensor ini sering digunakan untuk mengukur jarak suatu obyek dari titik referensi. Dengan demikian dapat diketahui seberapa jauh perpindahan obyek tersebut dari satu titik ke titik lainnya.

Prinsipkerja proximity sensor Oleh Nono Haryono omron.co.id. Proximity switch atau disingkat TL atau ada juga yang menyebutnya PR ,lain-lain memang tapi intinya sama, namun ditempat saya bekerja sensor ini familiar dipanggil TL, benda-benda yang terdapat pada mesin umumnya adalah logam besi sangat sedikit yang berbahan plastic atau lainnya, nah .. karena material atau perangkat mesin

Welcome to complete guide to the types of sensors, detectors, and transducers available. Below you will find comprehensive information on the types of products, their suppliers and manufacturers, sensor applications in industry, considerations, and important attributes. Table of Contents What are Sensors, Detectors, and Transducers? Top Suppliers and Manufacturers Types of Sensors/Detectors/Transducers Applications and Industries Considerations Important Attributes Related Product Categories References/Resources Are you between jobs or an employer looking to fill a position? We've got you covered with our resources for both industrial job seekers and industrial employers looking to hire. If you have an open position, you can also fill out our form for a chance for it to be featured in the Thomas Monthly Update newsletter. What are Sensors, Detectors, and Transducers? Sensor/Detectors/Transducers are electrical, opto-electrical, or electronic devices composed of specialty electronics or otherwise sensitive materials, for determining if there is a presence of a particular entity or function. Many types of sensors, detectors, and transducers are available including those for detecting a physical presence such as flame, metals, leaks, levels, or gas and chemicals, among others. Some are designed to sense physical properties such as temperature, pressure, or radiation, while others can detect motion or proximity. They operate in a variety of manners depending on the application and may include electromagnetic fields, or optics, among others. Many applications over a wide range of industries use sensors, detectors, and transducers of many kinds to test, measure, and control various processes and machine functions. With the advent of the Internet of Things IoT, the need for sensors as a primary tool to provide enhanced automation is increasing. Top Suppliers and Manufacturers of Sensors/Detectors/Transducers The Supplier Discovery Platform at is home to a comprehensive database of over 500,000 industrial suppliers, manufacturers, distributors and OEMs. Below we've listed some of the top suppliers of industrial sensors, detectors, or transducers for your consideration. For more complete information on a particular company, click the link provided to their full company profile. Company Name Company Type Certifications/Registrations/Diversity Annual Sales Wasco Switches and Sensors Manufacturer ISO 90012008 Small Business Enterprise SBE Veteran-Owned Lean Manufacturing Conflict Minerals Disclosure Drug-Free Workplace Program $5 - IFM Efector, Inc. Manufacturer ISO 90012015 ISO/IEC 270012005 C-TPAT RoHS Compliant REACH $100 - Innovative Sensor Technology Manufacturer Not Available Not Available Keller America, Inc. Manufacturer ISO 90002001 $5 - Locon Sensor Systems, Inc. Manufacturer ISO 90012008 ISO 140012004 Under $1M Figaro Inc. Manufacturer ISO 9001 ISO 14001 $1 - VPG Transducers Manufacturer REACH RoHS Compliant Conflict Minerals Disclosure $100 - Allen-Bradley/Rockwell Automation Manufacturer Not Available. Not Available. Unmanned Systems Source Manufacturer Not Available. $1 - Madison Co. Manufacturer ISO 9000 ISO 9001 RoHS Compliant REACH $5 - Different Types of Sensors/Detectors/Transducers Below you'll find a breakdown of the different types of sensors and their uses, as well as detectors and transducers. List of Sensors Use this list of sensors below to take you to a particular section Vision and Imaging Sensors Temperature Sensors Radiation Sensors Proximity Sensors Pressure Sensors Position Sensors Photoelectric Sensors Particle Sensors Motion Sensors Metal Sensors Level Sensors Leak Sensors Humidity Sensors Gas and Chemical Sensors Force Sensors Flow Sensors Flaw Sensors Flame Sensors Electrical Sensors Contact Sensors Non-Contact Sensors Vision and Imaging Sensors Vision and Imaging Sensors/Detectors are electronic devices that detect the presence of objects or colors within their fields of view and convert this information into a visual image for display. Key specifications include sensor type and intended application, along with any particular transducer features. More information on vision and imaging sensors may be found in our related guide All About Vision and Imaging Sensors. Temperature Sensors Temperature Sensors/Detectors/Transducers are electronic devices that detect thermal parameters and provide signals to the inputs of control and display devices. A temperature sensor typically relies on an RTD or thermistor to measure temperature and convert it to an output voltage. Key specifications include sensor/detector type, maximum and minimum measurable temperatures, as well as the dimensions of diameter and length. Temperature sensors are used to measure the thermal characteristics of gases, liquids, and solids in many process industries and are configured for both general- and special-purpose uses. More information about temperature sensors may be found in our related guide All About Temperature Sensors. Radiation Sensors Radiation Sensors/Detectors are electronic devices that sense the presence of alpha, beta, or gamma particles and provide signals to counters and display devices. Key specifications include sensor type and minimum and maximum detectable energies. Radiation detectors are used for surveys and sample counting. More information about radiation sensors may be found in our related guide All About Radiation Detectors. Proximity Sensors Proximity Sensors are electronic devices used to detect the presence of nearby objects through non-contacting means. A proximity sensor can detect the presence of objects usually within a range of up to several millimeters, and, doing so, produce a usually dc output signal to a controller. Proximity sensors are used in countless manufacturing operations to detect the presence of parts and machine components. Key specifications include sensor type, maximum sensing distance, minimum & maximum operating temperatures, along with dimensions of diameter and length. Proximity sensors are generally short-range devices but are available too in designs that can detect objects up to several inches away. One commonly used type of proximity sensor is known as a capacitive proximity sensor. This device uses the change in capacitance resulting from a reduction in the separation distance between the plates of a capacitor, one plate of which is attached to the object being observed, as a means of determining motion and position of the object from the sensor. More information on proximity sensors may be found in our related guides All About Proximity Sensors and Capacitive Proximity Sensors. Pressure Sensors Pressure Sensors/Detectors/Transducers are electro-mechanical devices that detect forces per unit area in gases or liquids and provide signals to the inputs of control and display devices. A pressure sensor/transducer typically uses a diaphragm and strain gage bridge to detect and measure the force exerted against a unit area. Key specifications include sensor function, minimum and maximum working pressures, full-scale accuracy, along with any features particular to the device. Pressure sensors are used wherever information about the pressure of a gas or liquid is needed for control or measurement. More information on pressure sensors may be found in our related guide Common Types of Pressure Sensors. Position Sensors Position Sensors/Detectors/Transducers are electronic devices used to sense the positions of valves, doors, throttles, etc. and supply signals to the inputs of control or display devices. Key specifications include sensor type, sensor function, measurement range, and features that are specific to the sensor type. Position sensors are used wherever positional information is needed in a myriad of control applications. A common position transducer is a so-called string-pot, or string potentiometer. More information about position sensors may be found in our related guide All About Position Sensors. See also proximity sensors. Photoelectric Sensors Photoelectric sensors are electrical devices that sense objects passing within their field of detection, although they are also capable of detecting color, cleanliness, and location if needed. These sensors rely on measuring changes in the light they emit using an emitter and a receiver. They are common in manufacturing and material handling automation for purposes such as counting, robotic picking, and automatic doors and gates. Learn more in our related article on Photoelectric Sensors. Particle Sensors Particle Sensors/Detectors are electronic devices used to sense dust and other airborne particulates and supply signals to the inputs of control or display devices. Particle sensors are common in bin and baghouse monitoring. Key specifications include transducer type, minimum detectable particle size, operating temperature range, sample volume, and response time. Particle detectors used in nuclear engineering are referred to as radiation detectors see above. More information about particle sensors may be found in our related guide All About Particle Sensors. See also proximity sensors. Motion Sensors Motion Sensors/Detectors/Transducers are electronic devices that can sense the movement or stoppage of parts, people, etc. and supply signals to the inputs of control or display devices. Typical applications of motion detection are detecting the stalling of conveyors or the seizing of bearings. Key specifications include the intended application, sensor type, sensor function, and minimum and maximum speeds. More information about motion sensors may be found in our related guide All About Motion Sensors. See also proximity sensors. Metal Sensors Metal Detectors are electronic or electro-mechanical devices used to sense the presence of metal in a variety of situations ranging from packages to people. Metal detectors can be permanent or portable and rely on a number of sensor technologies with electromagnetics being popular. Key specifications include the intended application, maximum sensing distance, and certain feature choices like handheld and fixed systems. Metal detectors can be tailored to explicitly detect metal in specific manufacturing operations such as sawmilling or injection molding. More information about metal sensors/detectors may be found in our related guide All About Metal Sensors and Detectors. Level Sensors Level Sensors/Detectors are electronic or electro-mechanical devices used for determining the height of gases, liquids, or solids in tanks or bins and providing signals to the inputs of control or display devices. Typical level sensors use ultrasonic, capacitance, vibratory, or mechanical means to determine product height. Key specifications include sensor type, sensor function, and maximum sensing distance. Level sensors/detectors can be of the contacting or non-contacting type. More information about level sensors may be found in our related guide All About Level Sensors. Leak Sensors Leak Sensors/Detectors are electronic devices used for identifying or monitoring the unwanted discharge of liquids or gases. Some leak detectors rely on ultrasonic means to detect air leaks, for example. Other leak detectors rely on simple foaming agents to measure the soundness of pipe joints. Still, other leak detectors are used to measure the effectiveness of the seals in vacuum packages. More information about leak sensors may be found in our related guide All About Leak Sensors. Humidity Sensors Humidity Sensors/Detectors/Transducers are electronic devices that measure the amount of water in the air and convert these measurements into signals that can be used as inputs to control or display devices. Key specifications include maximum response time and minimum and maximum operating temperatures. More information about humidity sensors may be found in our related guide All About Humidity Sensors. Gas and Chemical Sensors Gas and Chemical Sensors/Detectors are fixed or portable electronic devices used to sense the presence and properties of various gases or chemicals and relay signals to the inputs of controllers or visual displays. Key specifications include the intended application, sensor/detector type, measurement range, and features. Gas and chemical sensors/detectors are used for confined space monitoring, leak detection, analytical instrumentation, etc. and are often designed with the capability of detecting multiple gases and chemicals. More information about gas and chemical sensors may be found in our related guide All About Gas and Chemical Sensors. Force Sensors Force Sensors/Transducers are electronic devices that measure various parameters related to forces such as weight, torque, load, etc. and provide signals to the inputs of control or display devices. A force sensor typically relies on a load cell, a piezoelectric device whose resistance changes under deforming loads. Other methods exist for measuring torque and strain. Key specifications include sensor function, number of axes, minimum and maximum loads or torques, minimum and maximum operating temperature, as well as the dimensions of the sensor itself. Force sensors are used in load measuring applications of all kinds, from truck scales to bolt tensioning devices. More information about force sensors may be found in our related guide All About Force Sensors. Flow Sensors Flow Sensors/Detectors are electronic or electro-mechanical devices used to sense the movement of gases, liquids, or solids and provide signals to the inputs of control or display devices. A flow sensor can be all electronic—using ultrasonic detection from outside a pipeline, say—or partially mechanical—a paddlewheel, for instance, that sits and spins directly in the flow stream itself. Key specifications include sensor/detector type, sensor function, maximum flowrate, maximum working pressure, and minimum and maximum operating temperatures. Flow sensors are used extensively in the processing industries. Some designs for panel mounting allow quick indication of flow conditions to process operators. More information about flow sensors may be found in our related guide All About Flow Sensors. Flaw Sensors Flaw Sensors/Detectors are electronic devices used in a variety of manufacturing processes to uncover inconsistencies on surfaces or in underlying materials such as welds. Flaw detectors use ultrasonic, acoustic, or other means to identify defects in materials and can be portable or fixed installations. Key specifications include sensor type, detectable defect or thickness range, and intended application. More information about flaw sensors may be found in our related guide All About Flaw Sensors. Flame Sensors Flame Detectors are optoelectronic devices used to sense the presence and quality of fire and provide signals to the inputs of control devices. A flame detector typically relies on ultraviolet or infrared detection of the presence of flame and finds use in many combustion control applications such as burners. A key specification is detector type. Flame detectors find applications in safety settings too, such as in under-the-hood fire suppression systems. More information about flame sensors may be found in our related guide All About Flame Sensors. Electrical Sensors Electrical Sensors/Detectors/Transducers are electronic devices that sense current, voltage, etc. and provide signals to the inputs of control devices or visual displays. Electrical sensors often rely on hall effect detection but other methods are used as well. Key specifications include sensor type, sensor function, minimum and maximum measurement ranges, and operating temperature range. Electrical sensors are used wherever information on the state of an electrical system is needed and are employed in everything from railway systems to fan, pump, and heater monitoring. More information about electrical sensors may be found in our related guide All About Electrical Sensors. Contact Sensors Contact sensors refer to any type of sensing device that functions to detect a condition by relying on physical touch or contact between the sensor and the object being observed or monitored. A simple type of contact sensor is used in alarm systems to monitor doors, windows, and other access points. When the door or window is closed, a magnetic switch provides an indication to the alarm control unit so that the status of that entry point is known. Similarly, when a door or window is opened, the contact sensor alerts the alarm controller of the state of that access point and may trigger an action such as engaging an audible siren. There are many uses of contact sensors such as temperature monitoring and as proximity sensors in robotics applications and automated machinery. More information on contact sensors is available in our related guide Types of Contact Sensors. Non-Contact Sensors In contrast to contact sensors, non-contact sensors are devices that do not require a physical touch between the sensor and the object being monitored in order to function. A familiar example of this type of sensor is the motion detector used in security lights. Detection of objects within the range of a motion detector is accomplished using non-mechanical or non-physical means, such as via detection of passive infrared energy, microwave energy, ultrasonic waves, etc. Radar guns used by law enforcement to monitor the speed of vehicles is another example of a form of non-contact sensor. Other types of devices that fall under the category of non-contact sensors include Hall-effect sensors, inductive sensors, LVDTs linear variable differential transformers, RVDTs rotary variable differential transformers, and Eddy current sensors, to name a few. More information on non-contact sensors is available in our related guide Types of Noncontact Sensors. Sensor Applications in Industry A sensor is generally intended to produce a variable signal over some measurement range as opposed to a switch which generally acts in a binary fashion, as in on or off. While this is not always true it helps when it comes to deciding between sensors or switches. For example, a level switch can detect when a certain specified level in a tank has been reached and signal a pump to stop running. A level sensor, on the other hand, can sense changing tank depth and provide signals that can be proportionally displayed on a readout, etc. Thus, where a sump pump could use a level switch to signal a pump to start running at a certain level, a fuel tank level sensor would determine the tank status between empty and full and provide signals to a fuel gage, etc. Some manufacturers refer to this distinction as “point” versus “continuous” sensing. Sensors are arranged by what is being sensed pressure, temperature, proximity, etc. The intended application makes a good place to search for specific situations where a specifier might not know the sensor/transducer type. For example, if a gear tooth sensor is needed for building a zero-speed detector, selecting this will produce several products for gear tooth detection, some of which rely on hall effect and others that use magnetics to sense a passing tooth. Picking the value “zero-speed” will produce similar results. Likewise, selecting values from the sensor/detector/transducer function will search across the many sub-categories to produce matches from the range of transducer types. Picking the value “speed” here will produce sensors of the optical and hall effect varieties. Speed sensors can also be magnetic or infrared-based. Transducer type is another way to search for particular sensors. Selecting “infrared,” for example, will produce leak detectors, flame detectors, speed sensors, etc. all of which use infrared as their sensing means. There is some overlap among the sub-categories. For instance, while gear tooth sensors detect metal, metal detectors are also available as complete units designed to detect metal on food processing conveyor lines, injection molding lines, etc. Selecting the sub-category Metal Detectors will not show any gear tooth sensors because these are found under Motion sensors. Industrial Sensors - Considerations Infrared sensors use infrared light in various forms. Some detect the infrared radiation emitted by all objects. Others cast infrared beams that are reflected back to sensors that look for interruptions of the beams. Temperature sensors generally rely on RTDs or thermistors to sense changes in temperature through the change in electrical resistance that occurs in materials. Non-contacting proximity sensors often use hall effect phenomena, eddy currents, or capacitive effects to detect the nearness of conductive metals. Other methods are used as well, including optical and laser. Where proximity sensors can be used to detect small changes in the positions of targets, simple on/off proximity switches use the same methods to detect, for instance, an open door. Ultrasonic sensors measure the time between the emission and reception of ultrasonic waves to determine the distance to a tank’s contents, for example. In another form, ultrasonic sensors detect the ultrasonic energy emitted by leaking air, etc. Force and pressure sensors typically use strain gages or piezoelectric devices which change their resistance characteristics under applied loads. These changes can be calibrated over the linear ranges of the transducers to produce measures of weight force or pressure force per unit area. Vision sensors typically rely on CCD, infrared, or ultraviolet cameras to produce images that can be interpreted by software systems to detect flaws, sense barcodes, etc. Important Attributes Types of Sensors/Detectors/Transducers Sensor types are common among many of the various subcategories. For example, Hall effect sensors are found in proximity sensors, level sensors, motion sensors, and so on. Infrared sensors are used for level sensing, flame detection, etc. Sensing a fuel level in a tank, say, can be achieved through a number of sensor types. Intended Application Picking an intended application can help narrow choices for specific instances. Proximity sensors for pneumatic cylinders, for example, are designed to attach directly to a cylinder’s tie rods, and thus have specific mounting arrangements, as shown at right. Output Types Many control sensors use 4-20 mA current loops, where 4 mA represents the low side of the analog signal and 20 mA represents the high side. Digital switches are used as well, among them NPN/PNP, USB, etc. Response Time Many sensors have response times measured in milliseconds, while sensors for gases, leaks, etc. may have their response times measured in seconds or even minutes. Features Sensors designed to function in extreme environments, hazardous locations, etc. can be selected here. Related Product Categories Encoders are electromechanical devices that are used to convert linear or rotary motions to analog or digital output signals. Load Cells are mechanical or electronic devices designed to convert forces, either compressive, tensile, torsional, or shear, into electrical signals. Monitors are typically electronic devices used to remotely or conveniently view information as required. Data Acquisition Systems abbreviated DAQ or DAS collect analog signals from sensors measuring real-world samples and transduce them into digital formats that are processed by Data Loggers are electronic data storage devices used to gather and record various data-over-time measurements. Switches are electromechanical devices that are used in electrical circuits. Thermocouples are mechanical devices formed of dissimilar metal wires welded together and used for the measurement of temperature. Controls and Controllers see our Controls and Controllers Buyer’s Guide. References/Resources A brief glossary of sensor terms The ISA maintains a collection of automation articles, with some addressing sensors General discussion of sensor outputs An industry text about sensors Trade groups Other Sensors Articles Top Motion Sensor Suppliers and Manufacturers in the USA and Internationally Capacitive Proximity Sensors Types of Temperature Transmitters Top Biosensor Companies in the USA and Internationally Shaft-Angle Encoders Top Proximity Sensors Suppliers and Manufacturers in the USA and Worldwide Exhaust Gas Analyzers Top Temperature Sensors Manufacturers and Suppliers Top Sensors Manufacturers and Suppliers in the USA Motion Light Sensors Top Pressure Sensor Suppliers and Manufacturers in the US Types of Pressure Sensor - A Guide All About Position Sensors - Types, Uses and Specs All About Radiation Detectors All About Motion Sensors All About Particle Sensors All About Photoelectric Sensors Top Internet-of-Things IOT Companies in the USA All About Leak Sensors - How They Work and Their Applications All About Temperature Sensors - How They Work and Their Applications All About Humidity Sensors All About Flow Sensors All About Flaw Sensors - Including Ultrasonic and Eddy Current Detection All About Flame Sensors Flame Rods, Optical Sensors, and Visual Flame Imaging All About Vision and Imaging Sensors All About Metal Sensors and Detectors All About Force Sensors - Types and How They Work All About Gas and Chemical Sensors All About Electrical Sensors - Current and Voltage Sensors What is a Thermistor and How Does it Work? All About Resistance Temperature Detectors Other "Types of" Articles Cabinet Hinge - Types and Cabinet Door Hinge Options Thermocouple Types and Thermocouple Range What is a Capacitor Used For? Variable Capacitor Types/Functions Types of Lumber What is Parylene Coating? A Look at Various Parylene Types Different Types of Sensors and their Uses Electrical Sensors The Harmonic Oscillator and Other Types of Oscillator Types of Industrial Automation Systems O-Ring Types and O-Ring Material Makeup - A Guide Types of Failure Analysis Engineering Services - A ThomasNet Buying Guide Die Casting Process Types Mechanical Gauges An In-Depth Look at the Different Types of Gauges Types of Electrical Power Connectors Types of Clamps Their Applications and Industries - A ThomasNet Buying Guide Types of Molding Machinery - A ThomasNet Buying Guide Types of Medical Adhesives - A ThomasNet Buying Guide Types of Pressure Sensitive Adhesives Types of Scaffolding General Types of Transformers Types of Aluminum and Nickel Alloys Common Types of Electrical Connectors Types of Machining Vises - A ThomasNet Buying Guide Types of Labels Types of Locks - A Thomas Buying Guide Metal Finishing - What Types of Finishes Are There? A Guide to the Types of Forging - Cold Forging and Hot Forging Types of Water Bottles - How They Are Manufactured and Sourced Types of Biodegradable Plastic Types of Private Label Foods Other Top Supplier Articles Top Private Label Food Manufacturers Top Manufacturers In NYC Top CBD Distributors and Suppliers in the USA Top Brass Machining Services Companies in the USA Top CBD Patch Suppliers Top New Mexico Manufacturers Top Industrial Plumbing Suppliers and Manufacturers Top Manufacturers in Nevada Top Cannabis Testing Services Laboratories Top Suppliers of Polishing Pads Top CBD Gummies Suppliers Top CBD Edibles Suppliers Top Bakery Co-Packers in the USA Top Private Label Watches Manufacturers Top CBD Products Suppliers Top CBD Tinctures Suppliers Top Suppliers of CBD Lotion Top Concrete Block Manufacturers in the USA Top Precast Concrete Manufacturers in the USA Top Sandpaper Manufacturers and Suppliers in the USA Top Oxygen Concentrator Manufacturers Top Wallpaper Manufacturers in the USA Top Oxygen Suppliers Top Concrete Contractors More from Instruments & Controls

Macammacam sensor dan cara kerjanya. Pada kesempatan kali saya selaku admin dari blog ini akan menyampaikan kepada anda anda semua yang mencari artikel tentang kemaren saya telah menjelaskan pengertian sensor .intinya sensor itu merubah sesuatu dengan apapun keadaanya.dan penggunaannya pun sangat beragam dan bervariasi

110 JENIS SENSOR BESERTA CARA KERJANYA DAN CONTOH APLIKASI SENSOR TERSEBUT 1. Sensor gerak PIR Sensor gerak atau PIR mempunyai dua bagian utama. Bagian yang pertama pemancar infrared, sedangkan bagian yang kedua yaitu penerima. Bila alat sensor ini ada yang melewatinyan bagian pemancar akan mengirim tanda atau sinyal ke bagian penerima. Selanjutnya, penerima akan memberi perintah pada alat lainnya. Misalnya membuka pintu atau mengeluarkan suara, tergantung system aplikasi yang diterapkan. Contoh aplikasi Pintu yang bisa membuka sendiri secara otomatis Jika ada yang lewat atau masuk maupun keluar. Alat sensor tersebut melakukan deteksi terhadap suatu gerakan yang disebut Namanya adalah PIR Passive Infrared Sensor 2. RTD Resistance Temperature Detectors 2Contoh Aplikasi Pada proses pengontrolan temperatur di line fuel gas pipa berbahan bakar gas ini diperlukan pengontrolan pengendalian temperatur agar suhu yang ada pada pipa tersebut selalu dalam keadaan stabil sehingga dapat dijadikan bahan bakar kompresor. Uap gas vapour yang dihasilkan dari produk drum akan di panaskan di Heat Exchanger sehingga uap gas tersebut dapat dijadikan bahan bakar kompressor. Alat yang digunakan untuk mengontrol temperatur uap gas, merupakan salah satu peralatan atau instrument pabrik. Apabila alat ini tidak beroperasi maka temperatur yang diinginkan tidak akan tercapai sehingga kompressor tidak dapat bekerja dan pabrik tidak dapat beroperasi secara normal dan secara otomatis produksi pabrik pun menjadi berkurang. Untuk itu digunakan instrumen pengukur temperatur yaitu Resistance Temperature Detector RTD yang berperan mengawasi dan mengontrol temperatur gas. RTD ini bekerja berdasarkan perbandingan perubahan temperatur dengan besaran tahanan listrik dari logam yang terdapat pada sensor RTD tersebut, dan jenis logam yang sering digunakan adalah platina Pt100. 3. Sensor Suhu Thermokopel Jika salah satu pangkal lilitan dipanasi, maka pada kedua ujung penghantar yang lain akan muncul beda potensial emf. Thermokopel ditemukan oleh Thomas Johan Seebeck pada tahun 1820. Tegangan keluaran emf elektro motive force thermokopel masih sangatrendah, hanya beberapa milivolt. Thermokopel bekerja berdasarkan perbedaan pengukuran. Oleh karena itu jika ukntuk mengukur suhu yang tidak diketahui, terlebih dulu harus diketahui tegangan Vc pada suhu referensi reference temperature. Bila thermokopel digunakan untuk mengukur suhu yang tinggi makaa akan muncul tegangan sebesar Vh. Tegangan sesungguhnya adalah selisih antara Vc dan Vh yang disebut net voltage Vnet. Contoh Aplikasi Industri besi dan baja Pengaman pada alat-alat pemanas Untuk termopile sensor radiasi 34. Sensor Suhu IC IM35 Tegangan keluaran rangkaian betaambah 10 mV/0C. Dengan memberikan tegangan referensi negtif -Vs Dengan memberikan tegangan referensi negatif -Vs pada rangkaian, sesor ini mampu bekerja pada rentang suhu -550C – 1500C. Tegangan keluaran dapat diatur 0 V pada suhu 00C dan ketelitian sensor ini adalah ±10C. Contoh Aplikasi Sistem monitoring suhu ruangan pada laboratorium kimia, sistem monitoring suhu rumah kaca. 4 Mengubah suhu menjadi resistansi atau hambatan listrik yang berbanding terbalik dengan perubahan suhu. Semakin tinggi suhu, semakin kecil resistansinya. Contoh Aplikasi Aplikasi thermistor pada otomotif adalah pada Sensor IAT Intake Air Temperature Sensor ini medeteksi temperatur udara masuk ke engine dengan mengunakan thermistor. 6. Bimetallic Temperature Sensor Sensor ini mengubah mampu besaran suhu menjadi gerakan. sensor ini terbuat dari dua buah logam yang disatukan atau direkatkan menjadi satu. Cara kerja dari sensor ini adalah setiap logam kan mempunyai koefisien muai yang berbeda-beda maka jika dua buah logam yang memiliki koefisien muai yang bebeda disatukan maka gabungan kedua logam itu akan melengkung jika dipanasi. Karena sifatnya yang bisa melengkung jika terkena panas maka bimetal ini sering dipakai sebagai saklar suhu otomatis atau sebagai alat ukur suhu yang analog. Contoh Aplikasi 57. Sensor Ultrasonic Sensor ultrasonik bekerja berdasarkan prinsip pantulan gelombang suara, dimana sensor ini menghasilkan gelombang suara yang kemudian menangkapnya kembali dengan perbedaan waktu sebagai dasar penginderaannya. Perbedaan waktu antara gelombang suara dipancarkan dengan ditangkapnya kembali gelombang suara tersebut adalah berbanding lurus dengan jarak atau tinggi objek yang memantulkannya. Jenis objek yang dapat diindera diantaranya adalah objek padat, cair, butiran maupun tekstil. Contoh Aplikasi Sensor ultrasonic banyak digunakan di berbagai perangkat pengukur jarak. sebagai contoh di dunia robotika sensor ini digunakan sebagai indra utama untuk navigasi robot. sebagai contoh tipe ultra sonic yang banyak digunakan adalah tipe SRF, dan PING pada perinsipnya sensor jarak ultra sonic menggunakan prinsip kerja yang sama, yaitu pngirim sinyal dan penerima sinyal transmitter and receiver. sensor ini bekerja pada frequency 40 Khz. 6 Sensor ini adalah saat rangkaian sumber cahaya diberi VCC 5 Volt dan menghasilkan cahaya, cahaya masuk pada photodioda tidak terhalangi maka akan menghasilkan tegangan 5V dan begitu juga sebaliknya saat terhalangi maka akan menghasilkan tegangan 0V. Dimana tegangan menjadi inputan untuk mikrokontroler. Contoh Aplikasi Salah satu aplikasi rotary encoder sebagai sensor posisi digunakan pada Mouse Analog Mouse yang menggunakan Bola. Kurang lebih Tiga buah Rangkaian Sensor Posisi menggunakan Rotary Encoder. 7 Sensor Level ini akan menurunkan bandulnya dengan timing tertentu kemudian jika bandul tersebut menyentuh material maka bandul akan naik kembali. Dan Level ketinggian material bisa diketahui dari Panjang bandul yang diturunkan tersebut. Bisa juga diperintahkan dari Pusat Kontrol untuk memberikan Command ke Controller jika ingin melakukan pengukuran material menggunakan SiloPilot ini. Contoh Aplikasi Penggunaan sensor level di pabrik semen biasanya di pasang di bin material, Silo ataupun untuk mengetahui ketinggian/volume tandon air water treatment. Silo pilot cocok untuk pengukuran level di pabrik semen karena selain cukup handal sensor ini juga baik untuk pengukuran material bulk seperti semen. 8 Sensor level switch ini cukup sederhana, sensor ini cuman melakukan pensaklaran biasa, apabila material semen kontak dengan sensor sehingga switch tertekan maka kita cukup menghubungkan kaki NO/NC nya dengan tegangan signal baik itu 24 VDC atau 220 VAC, yang kemudian signal kita dapat teruskan ke controller PLC/DCS. Contoh Aplikasi Sama seperti sensor silo pilot, penggunaan sensor level switch ini biasa di gunakan di pabrik semen. tetapi di bandingkan silo pilot, sensor level switch ini masih kalah. 10 Contoh Sensor dan Prinsip Kerjanya 9Sensor proximity merupakan sensor atau saklar yang dapat mendeteksi adanya target jenis logam dengan tanpa adanya kontak fisik. Biasanya sensor ini tediri dari alat elektronis solid-state yang terbungkus rapat untuk melindungi dari pengaruh getaran, cairan, kimiawi, dan korosif yang berlebihan. Sensor proximity dapat diaplikasikan pada kondisi penginderaan pada objek yang dianggap terlalu kecil atau lunak untuk menggerakkan suatu mekanis saklar. Prinsip Kerja Sensor Proximity Sensor ini bekerja berdasarkan jarak object terhadap sensor, ketika ada object logam yang mendekat kepadanya dengan jarak yang sangat dekat 5 mm misalkan, maka sensor akan bekerja dan menghubungkan kontaknya, kemudian melalui kabel yang tersedia bisa dihubungkan ke perangkat lainnya seperti lampu indikator, relay dll. Pada saat sensor ini sedang bekerja atau mendeteksi adanya logam besi maka akan ditandai dengan lampu kecil berwarna merah atau hijau yang ada dibagian atas sensor, sehingga memudahkan kita dalam memonitor kerja sensor atau ketika melakukan preventive maintenace. 102. Sensor LDR light dependent resistor Sensor LDR adalah sebuah sensor cahaya jenis photoconductive dimana jika cahaya yang masuk kedalam sensor tersebut semakin sedikit, maka resistansinya akan semakin besar demikian juga sebaliknya jika intensitas cahaya yang masuk semakin banyak maka resistansinya hambatan akan semakin sedikit, LDR dihitung dalam satuan ohm. Berikut ini bagian - bagian dari LDR image by Prinsip Kerja Sensor LDR Prinsip kerja LDR itu sendiri adalah nilai resistansinya akan bertambah besar apabila tidak terkena cahaya malam hari dan akan berkurang resistansinya apabila terkena cahaya siang hari, LDR ini umumnya digabungkan dengan beberapa transistor untuk membentuk rangkaian lampu otomatis atau rangkaian lainnya. Kelebihannya tak ada kode spesial untuk membaca nilai resistasi pada LDR ini. Contoh Aplikasi Sensor LDR 113. Sensor Tekanan MPX4100 Sensor tekanan MPX4100 merupakan seri Manifold Absolute Pressure MAP yaitu sensor tekanan yang dapat membaca tekanan udara dalam suatu manifold. Pada dasarnya sensor tekanan MPX4100 adalah sebuah sensor tekanan yang sudah dilengkapi dengan rangkaian pengkondisi sinyal dan temperatur kalibrator yang membuat sensor ini stabil terhadap perubahan suhu. Untuk akurasi pengukuran sensor ini menggunakan teknik micro machine, thin film metalization dan proses bipolar semiconductor. Bentuk fisik sensor tekanan MPX4100 cukup kecil seperti terlihat pada gambar berikut. Prinsip Kerja Sensor Tekanan MPX4100 Prinsip kerja dari sensor tekanan ini adalah mengubah tegangan mekanis menjadi sinyal listrik. kurang ketegangan didasarkan pada prinsip bahwa tahanan pengantar berubah dengan panjang dan luas penampang. 12Contoh Aplikasi Sensor Tekanan Pemantau cuaca, pesawat terbang, dan pengukur tekanan ban 4. Sensor Suara MIC KONDENCER Sensor suara adalah sensor yang cara kerjanya merubah besaran suara menjadi besaran listrik, dan dipasaran sudah begitu luas penggunaannya. Komponen yang termasuk dalam Sensor suara yaitu electric condenser microphone atau mic kondenser. Prinsip Kerja Sensor Suara MIC KONDENSER Prinsip kerja ECM adalah getaran suara yang diterima oleh dielectric berupa membran tipis di dalam ECM akan menyebabkan perubahan nilai kapasitasnya. Contoh Aplikasi Sensor Suara MIC KONDENSER Contoh pengaplikasian sensor ini adalah yang bekerja pada system robot. Aplikasi mikrofon adalah pada system audio, sebagai sensor suara dan pada system telekomunikasi telepon seluler. 13PIR Passive Infrared Receiver merupakan sebuah sensor berbasiskan infrared. Akan tetapi, tidak seperti sensor infrared kebanyakan yang terdiri dari IR LED dan fototransistor. PIR tidak memancarkan apapun seperti IR LED. Sesuai dengan namanya Passive’, sensor ini hanya merespon energi dari pancaran sinar inframerah pasif yang dimiliki oleh setiap benda yang terdeteksi olehnya. Benda yang bisa dideteksi oleh sensor ini biasanya adalah tubuh manusia. Prinsip Kerja Passive Infared Sensor PIR Sensor ini bekerja dengan cara membaca radiasi optik yang dipancarkan suatu benda dan mengubahnya kedalam besaran listrik. Untuk menggunakan komponen ini sebagai sensor gerak, kita perlu menambahkan sebuah amplifier dan sebuah comparator untuk mendukung alat ini bekerja. Contoh Aplikasi Passive Infared Sensor PIR Contoh penerapan Sensor ini dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dapat dilihat di Mal-Mal besar. Disana mungkin terdapat Pintu yang akan terbuka dengan otomatis ketika ada manusia hendak melintasi pintu tersebut. Kemungkinan besar pintu itu adalah mengaplikasikan Sensor ini. 14Sensor warna TCS230 adalah sensor warna yang sering digunakan pada aplikasi mikrokontroler untuk pendeteksian suatu object benda atau warna dari objet yang di monitor. Sensor warna TCS230 juga dapat digunakan sebagi sensor gerak, dimana sensor mendeteksi gerakan suatu object berdasarkan perubahan warna yang diterima oleh sensor. Pada dasarnya sensor warna TCS230 adalah rangkaian photo dioda yang disusun secara matrik array 8×8 dengan 16 buah konfigurasi photodioda yang berfungsi sebagai filter warna merah, 16 photodiode sebagai filter warna biru dan 16 photo dioda lagi tanpa filter warna. Sensor warna TCS230 merupakan sensor yang dikemas dalam chip DIP 8 pin dengan bagian muka transparan sebagai tempat menerima intensitas cahaya yang berwarna. Prinsip Kerja Sensor warna TCS230 Cara kerja piranti ini adalah dengan membedakan warna Contoh Aplikasi Sensor warna TCS230 contoh aplikasinya adalah alat pendeteksi warna yang diantaranya dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi warna cat pada mobil. 15Proses penginderaan sensor kecepatan merupakan proses kebalikan dari suatu motor, dimana suatu poros/object yang berputar pada suatui generator akan menghasilkan suatu tegangan yang sebanding dengan kecepatan putaran object. Kecepatan putar sering pula diukur dengan menggunakan sensor yang mengindera pulsa magnetis induksi yang timbul saat medan magnetis terjadi. Prinsip Kerja Sensor Kecepatan RPM suatu poros/object yang berputar pada suatui generator akan menghasilkan suatu tegangan yang sebanding dengan kecepatan putaran object. Kecepatan putar sering pula diukur dengan menggunakan sensor yang mengindera pulsa magnetis induksi yang timbul saat medan magnetis terjadi. Contoh Aplikasi Sensor Kecepatan RPM Buat program untuk pengukuran kecepatan putaran motor. 8. Sensor Rotary Encoder 16Seiring dengan perkembangan robot, perkembangan FPGA menunjukkan respon yang positif, sehingga para ilmuwan mulai mencoba mengaplikasikannya ke dalam dunia robot. Prinsip Kerja Sensor Rotary encoder Prinsip kerja dari sensor ini adalah sebagai berikut saat rangkaian sumber cahaya diberikan VCC 5 Volt dan menghasilkan cahaya, cahaya masuk pada photodioda tidak terhalangi maka akan menghasilkan tegangan sekitar 5 V dan begitu juga sebaliknya saat terhalangi maka akan menghasilkan tegangan sekitar 0 V. Dimana tegangan menjadi inputan untuk mikrokontroler. Contoh Aplikasi Sensor Rotary encoder Salah satu contoh aplikasinya yaitu untuk menentukan posisi robot. 9. Sensor Limit Switch Limit switch merupakan salah satu jenis saklar yang berfungsi sebagai penyambung dan pemutus arus listrik. Limit switch umumnya digunakan sebagai saklar untuk membatasi gerakan suatu benda. Misalnya pada palang pintu kereta api, pagar, crane, pengangkat barang dan sejenisnya. Prinsip Kerja Limit Switch 17Contoh Aplikasi Limit Switch Pengendali Lampu Pijar menggunakan Limit Switch Contoh rangkaian 10. Load Cell Sensor Load Cell adalah salah satu Sensor yang banyak digunakan di timbangan-timbangan elektronika untuk mengukur berat suatu benda. Load Cell mengubah suatu gaya tekanan, menjadi besaran listrik. Load Cell juga dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi adanya gerak-gerak pada suatu objek yang hendak diotomatiskan. Contohnya mungkin diindustri beras. Misal kita ingin mengarungkan beras dengan besar 50kg perkarung, nah disini kita bisa memakai Load Cell untuk mendeteksi bila 50kg itu sudah tercapai. Load Cell akan mengirim sinyal ke indikator bahwa karung tersebut sudah mencapai batasnya. Prinsip Kerja Load Cell 18Menggunakan rangkaian jembatan untuk pembacaan, kalibrasi dan kompensasi temperatur Alternatif lain menggunakan kristal piezoelektrik untuk mengukur perubahan gaya. Contoh Aplikasi Load Cell Aplikasi sensor loadcell pada timbangan paket pos digital, aplikasi untuk Timbangan, Weigher, Weighing, Weighing System, Scale, dan Weigh.

macam macam sensor dan cara kerjanya